Science

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How the Antikythera Mechanism Works—the First Computer Science

How the Antikythera Mechanism Works—the First Computer

The Antikythera mechanism, a 2,100-year-old Greek device recovered from a shipwreck, used dozens of interlocking bronze gears to predict eclipses, tra...

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How FGF21 Works—the Hormone That Burns Fat Science

How FGF21 Works—the Hormone That Burns Fat

FGF21 is a natural hormone that boosts metabolism, curbs sugar cravings, and may offer a new approach to treating obesity and liver disease—distinct f...

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How Glacier Surges Work—and Why They Threaten Millions Science

How Glacier Surges Work—and Why They Threaten Millions

Surging glaciers can accelerate to 100 times their normal speed, damming rivers, triggering catastrophic floods, and destroying infrastructure. Here i...

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How the Montreal Protocol Works—and Why It Saved the Ozone Science

How the Montreal Protocol Works—and Why It Saved the Ozone

The Montreal Protocol, signed in 1987 and ratified by every UN member, phased out over 98 percent of ozone-depleting chemicals. Here is how the treaty...

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How Gravitational Lensing Works—the Universe's Telescope Science

How Gravitational Lensing Works—the Universe's Telescope

Gravitational lensing bends light from distant objects around massive cosmic structures, acting as nature's own telescope. This guide explains the thr...

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How LiDAR Reveals Lost Cities Hidden Under Jungles Science

How LiDAR Reveals Lost Cities Hidden Under Jungles

LiDAR technology fires millions of laser pulses from aircraft to digitally strip away dense vegetation, exposing ancient ruins invisible from the grou...

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How the Replication Crisis Works—and Why It Shakes Science Science

How the Replication Crisis Works—and Why It Shakes Science

Half of social-science findings cannot be reproduced by independent researchers, exposing deep structural problems in how studies are published, funde...

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What Is Nanotyrannus—and Why It's Not a Baby T. Rex Science

What Is Nanotyrannus—and Why It's Not a Baby T. Rex

For decades, paleontologists argued whether small tyrannosaur fossils belonged to juvenile T. rex or a separate species. Multiple studies now confirm...

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What Is the Ocean Methane Paradox—and Why It Matters Science

What Is the Ocean Methane Paradox—and Why It Matters

Scientists have long puzzled over why oxygen-rich ocean surface waters produce methane, a gas normally made only in oxygen-free environments. The answ...

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How Lunar Oxygen Extraction Works—From Dust to Air Science

How Lunar Oxygen Extraction Works—From Dust to Air

The Moon's soil is roughly 45% oxygen by weight. Engineers are now developing reactors that melt lunar regolith and use electrolysis to split that oxy...

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Do Crustaceans Feel Pain? What Science Says Science

Do Crustaceans Feel Pain? What Science Says

Growing scientific evidence suggests lobsters, crabs, and shrimp may experience pain and sentience, prompting new animal welfare laws worldwide and re...

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How Fast Breeder Reactors Work—and Why They Matter Science

How Fast Breeder Reactors Work—and Why They Matter

Fast breeder reactors produce more nuclear fuel than they consume, promising virtually unlimited energy—but their history is marked by technical failu...

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